שטוטאקוי, אתר מאמרים אישי

Twin or twin cities are a form of legal or social convention between cities, cities, counties, oblasts, prefectures, provinces, regions, states and even countries located in geographically and politically different areas, in order to promote cultural and commercial ties. [1] The modern concept of twinning, conceived after world War II in 1947, was designed to promote friendship and understanding between different cultures and between former enemies as an act of peace and reconciliation[2] and to promote trade and tourism. [1] In the 2000s, twinning of cities was increasingly used to establish strategic international trade relations between member cities. [4] Historical circumstances have led German municipalities to establish contacts with municipalities located in the regions of Germany before the Second World War, especially when the former inhabitants of the present Polish city live in the German commune or if there is a German minority in the twin city in Poland. 12 In the mid-1950s, the authorities of the largest Polish cities were allowed to establish contacts with cities in communist countries: Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, GDR or ussr. In these contacts, cooperation has mainly focused on ideological objectives, has been organized from top to bottom and controlled by representatives of the central government (Voivodes). Reports of meetings of Polish delegations with those of other communist blocs included topics such as “training young socialists,” “methods of controlling socio-economic and political life,” “the experience of sister parties in controlling the activities of party organizations” or “achievements and problems in the construction of socialism” (Trzcieli-ska-Polus, 1997). Most of these contacts concerned only meetings of Communist Party officials and activists. The lists of participants in the exchange were approved by the voivody (regional) committees of the Polish United Workers` Party. There were few agreements with Western European cities, especially in Finland, under the political influence of the USSR. A recent study concludes that geographic distance has very little or no influence on the choice of a partner city. [41] Twin cities are often chosen for similarities; For example, some fifteen cities are in Wales with cities in Brittany and Oxford with Bonn, Leiden, Grenoble and other university towns. [1] In Italy, Rovigo is a good example of pairing with Viernheim, Bedford and Tulcea.

Many former cities of West Germany are with former East German cities on the city; these twinnings of cities were established before the fall of the Iron Curtain. The partnerships between Hanover and Leipzig, both of which have large exhibition sites, or between Hamburg and Dresden, are famous examples.